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Over 300 species of bird have been recorded in the wild on the Isle of Man, a self-governing island in the Irish Sea between Great Britain and Ireland. Over 100 species breed there, including significant populations of red-billed chough, peregrine falcon and hen harrier.〔Fitzpatrick, Mark. ''(Isle of Man )'', fatbirder.com. Accessed 7 August 2012.〕 A variety of seabirds breed on the coastal cliffs such as Atlantic puffin, black guillemot, black-legged kittiwake, European shag and northern fulmar.〔Garrad, Larch S. (1972) ''The Naturalist in the Isle of Man'', David & Charles, Newton Abbot.〕 The island gives its name to the Manx shearwater which formerly nested in large numbers on the Calf of Man. The colony disappeared following the arrival of rats but the shearwaters began to return in the 1960s.〔 The Ayres in the north of the island have colonies of little tern, Arctic tern and common tern.〔 Moorland areas on the island are home to red grouse, Eurasian curlew and northern raven.〔 Woodland birds include long-eared owl, common treecreeper, Eurasian blackcap and common chiffchaff. There is little native woodland on the island and several species found in Great Britain, such as tawny owl, Eurasian green woodpecker and Eurasian jay, do not breed on the isle of Man. Many birds visit the island during the winter and migration seasons including waders such as purple sandpiper, turnstone and golden plover.〔 Wintering wildfowl include small numbers of whooper swan. A bird observatory was established on the Calf of Man in 1959 to study the migrating and breeding birds. By the end of 2001, 99,042 birds of 134 species had been ringed there.〔Manx National Heritage (2012) ''(The Work of the Observatory )''. Accessed 7 August 2012.〕 Numerous rarities have been recorded there including American mourning dove and white-throated robin. The list below includes 323 species of bird. The English names are those recommended by the International Ornithological Congress (IOC) with alternative names given in brackets.〔Gill, F. & D. Donsker, ''eds.'' (2012) ''(IOC World Bird Names (v 3.1) )''. Accessed 7 August 2012.〕 The scientific names and classification follow the British Ornithologists' Union (BOU).〔BOU (2011) ''(The British List )''. Accessed 7 August 2012.〕 Species marked as rare are those for which the Manx Ornithological Society (MOS) requires a written description in order to accept a record.〔Manx Birdlife (2009) ''(The Manx List 2009 - Categories A, B and C )''. Accessed 7 August 2012.〕 The Manx Ornithological Society uses the following codes:〔Manx Birdlife (2009) ''(The Manx Bird List - 2009 )''. Accessed 7 August 2012.〕 * A: a species which has occurred naturally on the island since 1 January 1950 * B: a species which has occurred naturally but only before 31 December 1949 * C: a species with an established breeding population as a result of introduction by man * C *: a species which has visited the island from an introduced population in Great Britain Failed introductions such as black grouse or species which are not yet established such as red-winged laughingthrush are not included on the list. __NOTOC__ ==Ducks, geese and swans== Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae * Mute swan, ''Cygnus olor'' A * Tundra swan (Bewick's swan), ''Cygnus columbianus'' A * Whooper swan, ''Cygnus cygnus'' A * Bean goose, ''Anser fabalis'' B, rare * Pink-footed goose, ''Anser brachyrhynchus'' A * Greater white-fronted goose, ''Anser albifrons'' A, rare * Greylag goose, ''Anser anser'' AC * Canada goose, ''Branta canadensis'' AC * Barnacle goose, ''Branta leucopsis'' A * Brant goose (brent goose), ''Branta bernicla'' A * Common shelduck, ''Tadorna tadorna'' A * Eurasian wigeon, ''Anas penelope'' A * American wigeon, ''Anas americana'' A, rare * Gadwall, ''Anas strepera'' AC, rare * Eurasian teal, ''Anas crecca'' A * Green-winged teal, ''Anas carolinensis'' A, rare * Mallard, ''Anas platyrhynchos'' AC * Northern pintail, ''Anas acuta'' A * Garganey, ''Anas querquedula'' A, rare * Northern shoveler, ''Anas clypeata'' A * Red-crested pochard, ''Netta rufina'' A * Common pochard, ''Aythya ferina'' A * Ring-necked duck, ''Aythya collaris'' A, rare * Ferruginous duck, ''Aythya nyroca'' A, rare * Tufted duck, ''Aythya fuligula'' A * Greater scaup, ''Aythya marila'' A, rare * Common eider, ''Somateria mollissima'' A * King eider, ''Somateria spectabilis'' A, rare * Long-tailed duck, ''Clangula hyemalis'' A * Common scoter, ''Melanitta nigra'' A * Surf scoter, ''Melanitta perspicillata'' A, rare * Velvet scoter, ''Melanitta fusca'' A, rare * Common goldeneye, ''Bucephala clangula'' A * Smew, ''Mergellus albellus'' A, rare * Red-breasted merganser, ''Mergus serrator'' A * Common merganser (goosander), ''Mergus merganser'' A, rare * Ruddy duck, ''Oxyura jamaicensis'' C * 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of birds of the Isle of Man」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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